The White Collar Crime

The White Collar Crime In 1986, Kenneth Lay combined Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth to shape Enron and afterward in the mid 1990s he helped start the selling of power at showcase costs. Thusly, it later prompted the US Congress to pass enactment deregulating the offer of petroleum gas. Therefore this made it workable for brokers to sell vitality at more significant expenses, permitting organizations to essentially build their income. This permitted Enron to ascend to be the biggest dealer of petroleum gas in North America by 1992. In 1999 Enron opened up EnronOnline, to all the more likely deal with its agreements exchanging business yet to additionally energize development Enron sought after an enhancement methodology. Before the finish of the 1990s, Enrons capitalization surpassed $60 Billion dollars and was seen as the most imaginative huge organization in America. So what happened to Enron? On December second, 2001 Enron petitioned for financial protection prompting the ruin of one of the most degenerate companies in late U.S. history. Top officials and board individuals sold their stock for immense benefits knowing the pending result of its death would send its stock in a spiraling plummet. Leaving a great many representatives and speculators with gigantic misfortunes the U.S. Division of Justice propelled an examination concerning the top administrators and board individuals to find the profundity of the embarrassment. The huge extortion that Enron officials represented fell into the classification of White Collar Crime. To additionally inspect the huge extortion that Enron officials carried out, we will investigate the life structures behind the psyche of the professional crook, its sociological ideas, and correspond between the exploration and the course reading article on Enron. When taking a gander at the historical backdrop of clerical wrongdoing one must return to the 1940s, when Edwin H. Sutherland instituted the term salaried wrongdoing. He tried to excuse the thought that wrongdoing was the area of the lower classes of society. He accepted that it couldn't be clarified at the individual level and it ought to be examined at an authoritative level. He expressed that defect of character was not the reason but rather the circumstances and associations with in an association that made a situation that supported cubicle wrongdoing. While examining this hypothesis in a sociological planned it falls into differential affiliation hypothesis; a hypothesis that Sutherland ascribes to abundance of degenerate relationship over ordinary ones. Despite the fact that, his hypothesis is still pushed and a greater part of examination into clerical wrongdoing followed his enemy of mental situation, there is a development inside the monetary and bookkeeping fields to more readily comprehend the conduct attributes of the people. Since there is minimal comprehended between individual conduct characteristics and clerical wrongdoing the FBI has begun utilizing its Behavioral Science Analysis Unit to fuse social qualities of professional hoodlums in creating profiles to help agents. To comprehend what establishes a professional wrongdoing, the US Department of Justice characterizes it as the illicit demonstrations portrayed by double dealing, covering, or infringement of trust that are not needy upon the application or danger of power or viciousness. The financial status of the guilty party isn't fused into the definition or is it a significant component in why somebody submits a fake demonstration. The regular portrayal of the cliché professional criminal is the individual in question is a first time guilty party, thought about a productive member of society, accomplished, moderately aged, and a confided in representative. While this delineates the perfect organization official, an increasingly present day way to deal with testing these regular view of salaried crooks is by assessing character attributes, for example, hostile to social character, narcissism, and psychopathy. Thusly, this outlines similar qualities that empowers criminal acts and clarify why some turn towards violations of savagery, additionally apply to cushy lawbreakers who show their animosity into an alternate structure, for example, extortion. Then again, there is a sub-bunch inside the office wrongdoing family known as extortion recognition crime. This is the ability to depend on savagery, in particular homicide to forestall their extortion plans from being identified and revealed. When looking farther into why cushy hoodlums submit such freak acts, a cutting edge approach is to take a gander at the character qualities related with the wrongdoer. From the outset, the clarification behind professional wrongdoing is voracity and deceitfulness however with further investigation there are three key qualities among them. In the first place, is an Anti-social character which office hoodlums censure their casualties for being oblivious or meriting their destiny, limit the hurtful results of the extortion, or just showcase a pompous indifference㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ likewise most likely accept that it is a dog㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ eat㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ dog world and that everybody is out for oneself (DSMà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ IV Task Force, 1994). Second, is narcissism, their narcissism may not permit them to completely acknowledge how their activities play themselves out on the grounds that their feeling of privilege requires a requirement for delight, and the utilization of double dealing to accomplish extortion doesn't make an ethical difficulty for them to resolve(Barnard, 2008). Third, is psychopathy, Specifically, Ray (2007) found that the psychopathic qualities that drive WCCs goal to perpetrate extortion are the characteristics of egocentric, manipulative, exploitative, tricky, a Machiavellian demeanor where the methods legitimize the finishes paying little heed to it criminal nature. With these qualities that are credited to professional hoodlums, it is straightforward why they would carry out these wrongdoings. Most salaried lawbreakers ascribe their violations to a few factors however most critical are: 1) to acquire cash, property, or administrations. 2) To maintain a strategic distance from the installment or loss of cash. 3) To make sure about close to home or business focal points. Professional lawbreakers see extortion as both adequate and normal to beat money related troubles or to make a benefit for the association. At the point when society finds the demonstrations of cushy lawbreakers they are named abnormal in light of the fact that it is regularly their first offense illegal. While lifting the drape encompassing the brain of a cushy criminal there is a limitlessly unique view they hold of themselves contrasted with the remainder of society. In an ongoing report, salaried crooks asserted they felt legitimized to submit extortion to spare the organization, the representatives employments, and different organizations that depended on their endurance. Cushy lawbreakers can legitimize extortion due to the capacity to append an ethical contention to the offense by calling attention to higher purposes behind the misrepresentation. Cushy hoodlums utilize a procedure known as balance to void any inside good protests and to legitimize or defend their exercises. With the character characteristics and the capacity to utilize balance to further their potential benefit, white㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ collar hoodlums cause considerable social damage by sabotaging the economy, intensifying the partition among destitution and riches, dissolving trust, and denying people of time and assets (Ford, 2007). When seeing desk wrongdoing from a sociological viewpoint, you can see that is an ideal case of differential affiliation hypothesis. When contrasting corporate salaried wrongdoing with this hypothesis, organizations utilize explicit strategies to shroud its extortion which is found out while scheming with different representatives. When seeing how office hoodlums legitimize their conduct, they utilize this defense as an approach to pick up their general needs and wants regardless of the aftermath when their misrepresentation is gotten. On account of Enron criminal conduct was found out by its representatives in view of its free business morals and its authoritative culture. With a comprehension of key attributes engaged with cushy wrongdoing, its simple to perceive any reason why Enron bombed when you dive further into to the authoritative culture and customs rehearsed at Enron. The authoritative culture of Enron, for instance was the conviction that its individuals must cause the partnership to flourish by expanding its benefits and extension in specific manners. This conviction was placed vigorously frequently enough for it to turn into a custom of the organization(291). With Enron rehearsing such free business morals, representatives saw the acts of the higher administrators as a typical method of business inside the organization, prompting the normal act of misdirection inside the organization. With such double dealing going out of control through the organization, it permitted officials to set up sham companies to offload its obligation permitting it to be seen by its investors and the general population as to a great extent effective. On the off c hance that just a single individual inside the organization was submitting extortion it would have been seen well before yet while applying differential affiliation hypothesis to the blend, more workers scholarly of the procedures used to offload the obligation and supported the reprobate demonstrations for the law due to their need to make sure about close to home and business points of interest. The positivist hypothesis of differential affiliation show how cushy wrongdoing is a freak demonstration submitted by an individual with an abundance relationship of degenerates. Authoritative aberrance isn't simply associated at the top yet an aggregate of workers over the organization tolerating and figuring out how to socially acknowledge types of trickery, self-addition, and un-moral practices. A self-overseeing association permits a reproducing ground for the degenerate if not property checked, for example, the case for Enron. By Enron rehearsing outside the law, it breads a culture of double dealing by partner workers with criminal conduct. With such abnormality the administrators needed to play a shell game with their obligation, which needed to get more representatives to the blend by alluring them with huge impetuses and a culture of self-gain. By inquiring about into the authoritative degree of salaried wrongdoing, there is an unmistakable sign that the circumstances and co nnections inside Enron, make

Assessing the Dependency of Teamwork Dynamics to Cultural Differences Essay

A discussion whether a heterogeneous or a homogeneous group is simpler to deal with and oversee has been continuing for quite a long time. Organizations, firms and even associations are beginning to make groups as the essential unit of their activities. Because of this pattern, authoritative scientists began to examine the connection between's the creation of the group and the teams’ yield (Earley and Mosakowski, 2000, p. 26). Authoritative structure as far as the homogeneity and heterogeneity of the group organization is usually concentrated through the relative favorable circumstances that each kind of sythesis can provide for a working group (Schippers, Hartog, Koopman, and Wienk, 2003, p. 779). This exploration paper will attempt to address the current issue in a similar way as most hierarchical analysts do; this examination paper will analyze homogeneous and heterogeneous group organizations through the points of interest they can provide for their groups. The recruiting structure of most associations, organizations and firm incorporates a lot of capability that tries to filter through the candidates not as far as qualifications yet in addition as far as their experiences (Prat, 2000, p. 3). These arrangements of capabilities are regularly organized in their own specific manners to make a homogenous or a heterogeneous group, contingent upon the situation of the employing party regarding its group sythesis inclination. Before proceeding onward to the upsides of the two-group arrangements, it ought to be noticed that the fundamental contrasts between the two-group sytheses are its group members’ culture. Culture encapsulates the arrangement of shared implications (Gibson C. B. , 2004). It can even be stated, that culture properties the various responses of the colleagues in various administrative methodologies and group targets (Gibson C. B. , 2004). Moreover, the likelihood of achievement and proficiency in group is needy to the way of life of its colleagues. Recognizing the distinction between driving a homogeneous group or a heterogeneous group can be effortlessly examined through the degree by which colleagues share a specific culture. In cutting edge hierarchical looks into, culture sharing isn't the main distinction. Factors, for example, effectiveness, viability of the main model, yield capacities and even compromise components are considered in association explores that address homogeneous and heterogeneous group sytheses. Depicting the real administration process in these two group sytheses would prompt the conversations on group cohesiveness. Group cohesiveness is the degree by which individuals from a gathering (both hetero and homo) are pulled in to the group (Wendt, Euwemab, and Emmerik, 2009, p. 359). It very well may be stated, that group cohesiveness exemplifies the explanations behind joining a group and anticipated impetuses for joining the group (Wendt, Euwemab, and Emmerik, 2009, p. 359). Group cohesiveness is available in both homogeneous and heterogeneous group sytheses. Notwithstanding, the weight of safeguarding that the group would work isn't legitimately identified with the group sythesis; it is likewise dictated by the initiative style in the group. Driving administration styles, for example, mandate and strong styles have two altogether different impacts to the group contingent upon the group structure. The eliteness of the mutual culture in homogeneous groups can work better with order authority, for example, seen in despotic nations (Wendt, Euwemab, and Emmerik, 2009, p. 360). Then again, strong administration can work better with heterogeneous group arrangement since the distinctions in the mutual culture of the group can be made up for by the help that the initiative style offers (Wendt, Euwemab, and Emmerik, 2009, p. 360). Exchanging the two initiative styles in heterogeneous and homogeneous group organizations can result to high likelihood of group wastefulness and disappointment. Following this rationale, it very well may be said that the administration style would decide the distinction between these two group sytheses; a certain â€Å"fit† must be appropriately tended to. Subsequent to talking about the required â€Å"fit† in the administration style and the group arrangement, focal points as far as appropriately driving a homogeneous group or a heterogeneous group would now be able to be set up. Having a heterogeneous group suggests that a group chief would have individuals with various acknowledgments of shared culture. Because of this, the group chief can anticipate various assessments and a wide scope of thoughts to be enunciated by the colleagues (Gibson and Vermeulen, 2003, p. 207). This arrangement is found in organizations that work on a high innovation level. Innovation based organizations will in general capacity in a transnational level; this permits the organizations to have an involvement with having a heterogeneous group to manage their activities. The differing pool that the organization can without much of a stretch access to makes a workplace, which is ideal for the production of companions. As per other related inquires about, colleagues will in general stand up their thought or feeling in the event that they have at any rate one colleague that underpins their thought (Gibson and Vermeulen, 2003, p. 207). This finding is the instituted as the companion development in working environments. Following this rationale, driving a heterogeneous group has a bit of leeway of having the option to pool a decent number of thoughts and feelings because of the distinctive shared societies among the colleagues. For all intents and purposes, a heterogeneous group can think of increasingly potential arrangements expected to address an issue when contrasted with a group with individuals that share a uniform culture. Heterogeneous group through its partners likewise has the benefit of making a working environment, which is increasingly helpful for a progressively responsive learning conduct (Gibson and Vermeulen, 2003, p. 209). The associate arrangement that emerges from a heterogeneous group makes subgroups that are increasingly open to learning through experimentation; intelligent correspondence and codification (Gibson and Vermeulen, 2003, p. 209). The mental help gave by colleagues that offer culture permits other colleagues to find out more (Gibson and Vermeulen, 2003, p. 210). These focal points of heterogeneous groups make numerous associations, organizations and firms to put resources into the production of a heterogeneous group. This pattern is best observed in transnational companies’ endeavors to re-appropriate colleagues from better places the world over to safeguard that their group has accomplices to develop better conceptualizing exercises (Earley and Gibson, 2002, pp. 230-232). Sadly, the benefits of having a heterogeneous group stop at the associates. Heterogeneous group, which is excessively heterogeneous as in it doesn't permit the arrangement of associates will in general be counterproductive since its colleagues without some to impart their way of life to, turns out to be excessively defensive of their thoughts (Gibson and Vermeulen, 2003, pp. 212-213). In this circumstance, authoritative inquires about suggest the full destroying of the group or the incorporation of other colleagues that may permit that development of partners inside the heterogeneous group. Focal points in a homogeneous group are the outrageous answers for the detriments of a heterogeneous group. The likelihood that an excess of heterogeneity can obstruct group development and proficiency can be offset by adjusting a homogenized group since the common culture of the entire group will annihilate the social decent variety that may have begun the issues of a too heterogenic group (Mello and Ruckes, 2010, p. 1022). This is the essential favorable position of homogeneous group attachment. Group union is at its prime state if the subject group is a homogeneous group (WordPress. com, 2009). The solid feeling of gathering attachment in a homogeneous group permits the entire group to handily achieve undertakings and yield greatest efficiency rates (WordPress. com, 2009, p. n. pag. ). The mutual culture of a homogeneous group makes a feeling of solidarity among the colleagues; that means accomplishments that are most likely out of reach for a typical heterogeneous gathering. This is the essential and seems, by all accounts, to be the main preferred position in a homogeneous gathering. Lamentably, it additionally has a lot of drawbacks. The significant drawback of a homogenous group is that the group is inclined to settle on plausible stupid choices because of the solid feeling of oblivious compliance mindset present in this group organization (WordPress. com, 2009). This properties of homogeneous group piece permits homogeneous groups to be the ideal group sythesis for efficiency and objective situated associations, organizations and firms. End: Heterogeneous and homogeneous group structures have been existing since the time fundamental gatherings have been shaped. The purpose behind their reality is the way that every one of this group sythesis gives an ideal fit to various hierarchical game plans (Gamage, 2006, p. 57). The interchange between hierarchical societies, group piece and the kind of initiative decides the required fit suggested in this exploration paper. Indisputably, this examination paper takes the position that homogeneous group structure is a bit of leeway for associations, organizations and firms that are objective and creation arranged, while heterogeneous group sythesis is a bit of leeway for associations, organizations and firms that look to give arrangements. The firm group culture refined and authorized in homogeneous group creation permits a united development of the entire group towards the achievement of their team’s destinations. Then again, the distinctions of the colleagues of a heterogeneous group permit the usage of the multi viewpoint directions in the upside of the entire group. The various thoughts and social tendencies of a heterogeneous group permit the advancement of comprehensive arrangements. These focuses when summarized results to a general thought that the group compositions’ adequacy are predominantly subject to the elements, for example, kind of administration and condition, for example, setting of use. Catalog Adams, S. K. (2007, July 30). Disciplinarily Hetero-and Homogeneous Design

Alternative Therapy Treatments for Phobias

Alternative Therapy Treatments for Phobias More in Phobias Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Increasingly, mental health professionals and patients are turning to alternative treatment for phobias to augment traditional means. Phobias have historically been treated through a combination of therapy and medication, both supported by a body of carefully peer-reviewed medical research. Although alternative treatments have not undergone the rigorous, controlled testing necessary for endorsement by the mainstream medical community, many people find symptom relief through alternative channels. Of course, any alternative treatment should only be undertaken with guidance from a mental health professional. Treating Phobias With CAM Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is an umbrella term used to describe a wide variety of unconventional products and practices. These techniques have grown in recent years and are now being used to treat a variety of both medical and mental health conditions. CAM techniques are considered “complementary,” to the more mainstream treatment options. Here are some of the more popular alternative treatments for phobias and other anxiety disorders. Hypnotherapy Considered controversial in the medical community, many legitimate therapists use hypnotherapy as part of a larger program of therapy. Hypnotherapy is based on the belief that phobias reside in the subconscious mind. By putting the client into a hypnotic state, the therapist can access the subconscious directly, without the interference of the conscious mind. Clients are more open to suggestions made by the therapist. Hypnotherapy treatments vary from guided relaxation techniques to regression (in which the therapist guides the client to confront the memory that originally triggered the phobia). Homeopathy   A system of holistic medicine that was widely practiced in the 18th and 19th centuries, and which still has dedicated followers today. Homeopathy uses minute quantities of toxic substances to treat diseases. If you are considering homeopathic remedies for your phobia, please consult a homeopathic expert as well as a medical doctor. The substances used are extremely toxic and can cause illness or death. Homeopathic medicine is not widely accepted in the medical community today. Herbal Remedies These remedies, prepared from naturally occurring herbs, are increasingly popular, and some mental health professionals are beginning to acknowledge their usefulness. However, large-scale controlled studies have not yet been performed, so the long-term safety and efficacy cannot be guaranteed. Popular herbal remedies for phobias and other anxiety disorders include CatnipGinsengChamomileValerian root Dosages can vary widely between individual plants. The guidance of both a medical doctor and a herbalist is highly recommended as some natural remedies may have unwanted side effects if combined with prescription anxiety medications. In addition, natural remedies are sold without the stringent quality assurance precautions that are in place for conventional drugs. Phobia treatment is an individualized process, and what works for one person may not work for another. Only you and your doctor can decide whether alternative treatment is right for you. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Essay about Symbols in the Briefcase in “Invisible Man” by...

Towards the end of the book â€Å"Invisible Man† by Ralph Ellison, the narrator who remains unnamed thought the entire book, risks his life to save a briefcase filled with seemingly random assorted items. But later in the book the narrator is forced to burn the items in his briefcase in order to find his way out of a sewer he gets stuck in. Closer reading reveals that the items in his briefcase are more than random assorted items, but instead are symbols. Each one of those symbols represents a point in the narrator’s life where he is either betrayed or made â€Å"invisible† by the people around him. Through the book the two main recurring themes are betrayal and invisibility and the narrator keeps these symbols with him because they represent who he†¦show more content†¦The crowd continually asks him to repeat himself and at one point the narrator miss speaks and says â€Å"social equality† instead of â€Å"social responsibility.† This imme diate arouses the whites in the crowd. When they yell threats at him he Denys what he said and claims that the blood in his mouth caused him to misspeak. In this incident the whites in the crowd immediately stop any variation from what they want to hear coming out of the mouth of an African American. This is another way that he is oppressed into being what people want him to be and therefore becoming invisible. The narrator also feels betrayed when he sees Clifton with the doll. At that time the narrator still considered himself a part of the brotherhood, and since the brotherhood would never allow such a thing to be sold, Clifton is betraying the brotherhood and also the narrator himself. Another symbolic item in the narrator’s briefcase is the Sambo doll that brother Clifton was selling illegally on the street. It is not the doll itself, but instead the circumstances surrounding Clifton’s death that make the doll significant. Before his death, the narrator meets brot her Clifton, and describes him as the ideal man. He is educated, well dressed, muscular, and has a stylish swag about him, that the narrator admires. But we don’t know Clifton long before he is shot. Clifton suddenly drops from his originalShow MoreRelated Invisible Man Essay: Self-Identity in Invisible Man1040 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-Identity in Invisible Man      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Invisible Man, the main character carries around a briefcase throughout the entire story. All of the possessions that he carries in that briefcase are mementos from learning experiences. Throughout the novel, the Invisible Man is searching for his identity and later discovers that his identity is in those items. As the narrator is leaving Marys house for the Brotherhood, he sees a Negro-doll bank in his room. He is angry that the dollRead MoreSummary Of Invisible Man1450 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Ellison was a 20th century African-American writer and scholar, who also studied music before moving to New York City, where he worked as a writer. Ralph Ellison was born on March 1st, 1914 in Oklahoma City. In 1936, Ellison went to New York City for an internship and while he was there he earned money for his college expenses. He was a researcher and writer in New York for The Federal Writers Program. Plot Summary: Invisible Man is a story by Ralph Ellison, told in the point of view ofRead More The Symbolic Briefcase in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesThe Symbolic Briefcase in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man The narrator of Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man is the victim of his own naivetà ©. Throughout the novel he trusts that various people and groups are helping him when in reality they are using him for their own benefit. They give him the illusion that he is useful and important, all the while running him in circles. Ellison uses much symbolism in his book, some blatant and some hard to perceive, but nothing embodies the oppression and deceptionRead MoreSymbols and Journey Used in Ellisons Book Invisible Man and Millers Death of a Salesman486 Words   |  2 PagesIn the book Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison and the play Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller the two writers use various symbols to develop the American Literature Theme of The Journey. Two important symbols Ellison uses in Invisible Man are dreams and the narrator’s briefcase. Two important symbols in Death of a Salesman are diamonds and the car. Ellison and Miller use these symbols to take their characters thr ough their life’s journey, whether physical or metaphorical. The portentous dream theRead MoreRoom for Growth1051 Words   |  5 PagesSo Much More Room for Growth The protagonist of â€Å"Battle Royal† by Ralph Ellison undergoes a tentative initiation. 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Right after the invisible man’s story starts, he receives a briefcase after he is forced to participateRead MoreEssay on Use of the Bird Motif in Invisible Man2374 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Bird Motif in Invisible Man      Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract: According to A Handbook to Literature, motif refers to a recurrent repetition of some word, phrase, situation, or idea, such as tends to unify a work through its power to recall earlier occurrences (264). One such type of motif which has seemed to receive less critical attention is Ellisons treatment of birds.  Ã‚   Hence, my aim in this essay is to examine the references to birds in Invisible Man, attempting to show how Ellison uses the image ofRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Invisible Man 1570 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 16, 2015 Literary Analysis of Invisible Man The idea of double consciousness, termed by W.E.B. Du Bois, for African Americans deals with the notion that one’s self has duality in being black and American. It is the attempt to reconcile two cultures that make up the identity of black men and women. One can only see through the eyes of another. A veil exists in this idea, where one has limits in how he or she can see or be seen. This individual is invisible to the onlookers of the veil, andRead MoreBiographical Information : Ralph Waldo Ellison1960 Words   |  8 PagesBiographical Information: Ralph Waldo Ellison was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma on March 1, 1914. He passed away on April 16, 1994 in New York, New York. The Book Invisible Man Published in 1952 focused on an African-American civil rights worker from the South who, upon his move to New York, becomes increasingly alienated due to the racism he encounters. The narrator seeks to act according to the values and expectations of his immediate social group, but he finds himself continuously unable toRead MoreBattle Royal, By Ralph Ellison963 Words   |  4 Pagesmetaphorically address many such issues such as racial discrimination. The Author, Ralph Ellison, uses symbolism such as blindness and the concept of initiation to compare the world to a real life battlefield. Ellison intended to emphasize, both passive and aggressive elements of battle is necessary to achieve the American Dream. There is much symbolism used in the story. The protagonist’s grandfather is a symbol in himself. As an elder, his grandfather symbolizes wisdom and knowledge. His dying

The Fulcrum and the Lever Essays - 2653 Words

I turn the key and unlock the deadbolt. It’s been a long day’s work. I have been working three jobs for weeks now. I come through the door of my tiny one-bedroom house and stare at the desk, piled high with debris: old junk mail, magazines, and a few bills. I keep thinking maybe on my day off I’ll clean this mess up, balance my check book and pay my bills. â€Å"But what’s the use?† I think to myself, â€Å"I have $210 left on my credit card, that’ll get me through another week.† Independence is what I wanted and that’s what I got. I have a car, a house, furniture, stocked cupboards, and plenty of I-can-do-what-I-want free will. I was working a lot, and sure was doling out a lot of dough, yet I felt atrophy kicking in. When I was dying to leave my†¦show more content†¦This is how the wealthy really build their wealth. Debt is dumb. Welcome to the real world! He also speaks of the eternal car payment, saying, â€Å"Most people carry a car note for their entire lives, paying about $378 a month. That same amount invested from age 25 to retirement would, on average, amount to more than $4 million by age 65. You do the math.† Americans do not stop and think of how all of this debt they are carrying hinders their freedom to be wealthy, safe and have peace of mind. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Darren Waggoner of Credit amp; Collections World says, â€Å"Theres little doubt Americans 18-to-34-years-old are addicted to plastic. Many are burdened with hefty student debts, too. Struggling to keep from sinking deeper into a financial abyss, they often turn to credit cards to bail them out. They dont understand that their buy-today, pay-whenever behavior could doom them to a lifetime of debt (21).† This is yet another example of how prevalent the problem is. Richard Sylla, writer for the Houghton Mifflin Company says, â€Å"When the national debt was created in its current form in 1791, it stood at $75 million. Nearly two centuries later in 1988, the debt stood at $2,600.8 billion. It’s amazing toShow MoreRelatedWork Is Calculated As Force X Distance1586 Words   |  7 Pagesfits tightly. d. The lever. Eg: A seesaw. e. The wheel and axle. Eg: Steering wheel of a car. f. The pulley. Eg: Pulling out water bucket from the well. Answer 2: Below is the method to find ideal mechanical advantage of four types of simple machines: a. Inclined plane: The ideal mechanical advantage of an inclined plane can be determined by the below formula: Ideal mechanical advantage = Length of Incline à · Height of incline b. Lever: The ideal mechanical advantage of a lever can be determined byRead MoreA Decsription of Torque1221 Words   |  5 Pagesto determine if the rotational equilibrium condition, ÃŽ £Ãâ€ž = 0, holds experimentally. Equipment Meter stick (1) - no metal ends Fulcrum (1) Clamps (4) Weight Hanger (1) Mass Set (1) Digital Scale (1) Theory For a body to be in static equilibrium, two conditions have to be met: ÃŽ £F = 0 and ÃŽ £Ãâ€ž = 0 where F is force and Ï„ is torque. (The torque is the force times the lever arm, r) The first condition, ÃŽ £F = 0, is concerned with translational equilibrium and ensures that the object is at rest or isRead MoreSimple Machines Make Work Easier2272 Words   |  9 Pagesmachines. IMA (or ideal mechanical advantage) depends on the type of machine. The general idea of IMA is to divide some kind of input distance by the output distance, but the specifics of the type of distance are varied. For example, the equation for lever IMA is IMA = l_i/l_o . Along with the mechanical advantage, a machine can be a multiplier and divider. A force multiplier means that the output force will be larger than the input force. Force multipliers also can be called speed/displacement dividersRead MoreUsing A Tool Of Stem Innovation1613 Words   |  7 Pagesinnovation could be? It was the wheel barrow, now I know what you are saying, â€Å"The wheelbarrow isn’t a lever!† Actually the whee l barrow is an innovation of the lever because it has the components of a fulcrum, load, and effort force which is exerted. The wheelbarrow falls under first-class lever because the fulcrum placed between the load and effort to give it equal balance according www.ohio.edu. The lever is one of the simplest mechanical devices ever and has made life so much easier in society. YetRead MoreThe Importance Of The Ancient Egyptian Pyramids In Giza1392 Words   |  6 PagesKhufu build such great pyramid? Was it just a symbol of power or was it also a way to reach the Gods in death? While no one can be sure how and why exactly the pyramids were built, through the examination of the theory given by Peter Hodges, as the lever theory, and of Mark Lehner, with the ramp theory, it is seeming to be more evident that Khufu’s Great Pyramid in Giza was built using extensive manpower and the use of ramps. The people of Egypt have long stressed the importance of the afterlife throughRead Morescience of catapults790 Words   |  4 Pagespotential and kinetic energy. The ball keeps bouncing and transforming energy until it finally comes to a stop. Our Catapult is also a first class lever. As you can see in this illustration, the ball is the load, the fulcrum is where the pipe is connected to the center block of wood and the input force is the bungee cords. A first class lever has the fulcrum between the input and the output force. I said earlier the bungee cords have potential energy. When the pipe is released the force of the bungeeRead MoreKINE 1301 Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagesworkers’ compensation and disability-related costs. Reduce injuries. Improve employee morale and loyalty. What are the classes of levers? First Class- fulcrum is located between the weight and the point of application of force (teeter totter) Second Class- weight is between the fulcrum and the force (wheel barrow) Third Class – the forc is bwtween the fulcrum and the weight (arm, shovel, boat paddle)pg198 Describe the domains/skills of physical education Cognitive- Development of intellectualRead MoreThe Types Of Bone Tissue3108 Words   |  13 Pagesmovement. A lever system is a mechanical device that makes moving weight or load easier to move. It can be described as any rigid bar free to turn about a fixed point called a fulcrum (Thibodeau, patton 2003). The bones acts as the lever while the joints acts as the fulcrum to the lever. The bone moves around its joint fulcrum due to the contracting muscle applying a pulling force on a bone lever at the point of the muscle’s attachment to the bone. There are three different classes of levers, the firstRead MoreKinematics: Simple Machine and Prime Mover2581 Words   |  11 PagesRenaissance scientists: †¢ Lever †¢ Wheel and axle †¢ Pulley †¢ Inclined plane †¢ Wedge †¢ Screw They are the elementary building blocks of which all complicated machines are composed. For example, wheels, levers, and pulleys are all used in the mechanism of a bicycle. Simple machines fall into two classes; those dependent on the vector resolution of forces (inclined plane, wedge, screw) and those in which there is an equilibrium of torques (lever, pulley, wheel). ComplexRead More Catapulting though Time Physics Essay2329 Words   |  10 Pagesengineer behind weapons being just as important as the actual soldiers and people who use them. Projectile-throwing machines are found in three main categories: the catapult, the ballista, and the trebuchet (How Stuff Works). The catapult has a lever arm attached to a â€Å"bucket† that is usually pulled back by rope and the projectile is released when the rope is cut (How Stuff Works). The ballista is basically a giant crossbow and the trebuchet is similar to the catapult but is a weighted beam with

Wolf Creek Analysis Free Essays

Greg McLean and released in February 2014, is a film which everyone should see because of the clever way stereotypes are challenged, Australian values are shown, and cinematography shows the natural beauty of outback Australia. Wolf Creek 2†³ Is about a couple of foreign travelers backpacking around Australia who are disturbingly interrupted by an outback serial killer who then turns on a traveler attempting to save them. Behind the horror, Australian values are made clear, stereotypes of Australian culture are challenged and the natural beauty of Australia is shown to the audience. We will write a custom essay sample on Wolf Creek Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Australian value of home being an open door and welcome to all Is shown In â€Å"Wolf Creek 2†. This is evident when the injured and dehydrated victim, Paul, collapses on the doorstep of a secluded country house. Upon waking up, he finds himself in a bed, with his clothes washed and folded neatly beside him. Confused and delusional, Paul is greeted by an old couple who then proceed to serve him a home cooked meal. â€Å"l made it special, for you† was a statement made by the elderly lady as she served Paul the food – even though he was a total stranger, This Is significant because she took him In like she would her own some This series of events encourages viewers to believe the fact that Australians believe a home is a place of welcoming and that anyone in need can feel comfortable. Wolf Creek 2†³ challenges the stereotypical belief that Australia is meant to be a friendly country which backpackers feel safe In. This film displays backpacking In two ways, contrasting the stereotype. For example, the couple Is shown enjoying their experience, being picked up by numerous people and engaging In friendly conversation with them. This is the stereotypical belief being displayed. Although, the people refuses an offer from serial killer Mica Taylor for a ride – which consequently results in them being victims of a vicious attack. This scene portrays Australia to be an unsafe environment for backpackers – completely opposite to the foreigner’s beliefs. The Inclusion of this Idea In the film forces viewers to question the conventional Idea behind the culture of backpacking In Australia. Phenomenal cinematography exhibits the stunning nature that is of outback Australia. Numerous wide shots were used of the mountains, grassed areas and wolf reek itself. This was done to show the viewer the full scale natural aspects of Australia. Birds-eye shots were taken of the long, endless, deserted highways to show the distance that the backpackers were traveling as well as the Isolation of the area. The grass – assisting in creating the Australian outback feel. The audience is challenged to consider whether the beautiful aspects of the Australian outback are masking the horrors happening in the very same place. â€Å"Wolf Creek 2† is a film which challenges the stereotypical Australian culture and aloes as well as displays the amazing nature of the Australian landscape. It supports the value of a home with an open door – a value which many viewers can identify with. Backpacking stereotypes are challenged by the series of murders; contrasting with the belief Australia is a friendly place for this leisurely activity. Finally, cinematography captures the spectacular landscape of outback Australia. Following the Journey of the backpackers takes the viewers on a Journey of understanding, shock and realization – making this movie a significant Australian film. How to cite Wolf Creek Analysis, Papers

Love And Lust In Paradise Lost Essays - Book Of Genesis, Bereshit

Love And Lust In Paradise Lost Love and Lust In Paradise Lost In Milton's Paradise Lost, sexuality is an innate part of human nature. Milton celebrates Adam and Eve's prelapsarian connubial love (PL, IV, 743), singing Hail wedded Love (PL, IV, 750). In its proper place in the hierarchy (below God), sex in Milton's view is sacred and spiritual, sanctioned by God. Sacred sex is portrayed almost as an intellectual act rather than a physical act, as a union of souls rather than a union of bodies. In contrast, however, lascivious sex is associated with bestial imagery and tortured sleep. It is the abdication of God for physical pleasure that Milton condemns. By contrasting Adam and Eve's pure love before the Fall to their enflamed carnal desire (PL, IX, 1013) after the Fall, Milton celebrates the idea of sex, but deplores lasciviousness and warns against the evils of such behavior. These attitudes are revealed in two key scenes in Paradise Lost which depict Adam and Eve making love and then falling asleep. The first passage, characterized by a holy and solemn tone, shows the prelapsarian bliss of Adam and Eve and their Nuptial Bed (PL, IV, 710). Adam and Eve pray to God before retiring to thir blissful Bower (PL, IV, 689) demonstrating their adoration pure/ Which God likes best (PL, IV, 737-8). As Eve decorates the Nuptial Bed, heav'nly Quires sing the Hymenaean (PL, IV, 711), lauding the sanctity of marriage. By saying God declares/ [it] Pure (PL, IV, 746-7) and calling it mysterious Law (PL, IV, 750), the poet proclaims the sacredness of marriage. Furthermore, his use of the words innocence (PL, IV, 745), true (PL, IV, 750), holiest (PL, IV, 759), undefil'd and chast (PL, IV, 761), and blest pair (PL, IV, 774) support the claim. It is important to note that in less than twenty lines, Milton uses the word pure four times ((PL, IV, 737, 745, 747,755). This love is Founded in Reason, Loyal, Just and Pure (PL, IV, 755). Milton contrasts this love against adulterous lust (PL, IV, 753) and loveless, joyless, unindear'd/Casual Fruition (PL, IV, 766-7). In the second lovemaking scene, taking place after the Fall, Adam and Eve's pure love turns into carnal desire. Their first act of love after eating the fruit is undoubtedly guilt-ridden, hectic, and finally unfulfilling (Aers, 28). While before the Fall Adam and Eve displayed humility, they now display egotism and arrogance. With their new found knowledge, they perceive themselves to be superior even to God. Therefore, they do not find it necessary to pray to God before retiring. Instead, they misdirect their devotion towards each other rather than to God. Adam completely disregards Raphael's warning against idolatry. [H]ee on Eve/ Began to cast lascivious Eyes (PL, IX, 1013-14). He sees her as a sexual object and she sees him as the same: she him/As wantonly repaid (PL, IX, 1014-15). They are no longer sharing in a mutual love (PL, IV, 728), but in mutual guilt the Seal (PL, IX, 1042). Their mutual guilt is the eating of the Fruit. Lust, one of the seven deadly sins, is their secon d sin which seals or reaffirms the first. While their lovemaking in the first example is endorsed by God (God declares/ [it] Pure (PL, IV, 746-7) ) and Love is personified as an angel with purple wings (PL, IV, 763-4), there is no such heavenly sanctioning in the second passage. In fact, there is no divinity present at all. Adam and Eve, however, feeling superior to God, feel/Divinity within them breeding wings/Wherewith to scorn the Earth (PL, 1009-11). The poet contrasts the breeding wings with Love's purple wings. The word breeding alludes to the adulterous lust that was driv'n from men/Among the bestial herds to raunge (PL, IV, 753-4). With their lustful transgressions, they have brought back adulterous lust to scorn the Earth. The irony here is that the true product of this adulterous lust is the human race. In this scene Milton reveals the tension he feels about the origin of man. Adam and Eve were not the products of physical union. They were created by God. Breeding, however, is a physical act of reproduction. Milton associates it with animals, but it is

Free Money Persuasive Speech Essays

Free Money Persuasive Speech Essays Free Money Persuasive Speech Essay Free Money Persuasive Speech Essay for example, you invested in a one year CD or certificate of deposit, starting in year four, you would have $1040 as an initial investment. Here is a spreadsheet I created showing what you would earn within 10 years at the current CD rate of 5. 15%. You will also see on this spreadsheet your savings if you saved $20 a week on your grocery bill. This would give you an initial investment of $1040 starting with year one. You would be adding 1040 each year in savings plus your interest each year. I found the current CD rates at bankrate. com. There are many investment opportunities that could increase your coupon savings if you chose to invest. This what can be done if you are serious about saving money by clipping coupons. Here are a couple of pages posted on forums. amily. com. You can see exactly how much they saved on their grocery bills per month and year. It is broken down in great detail. Here is a spreadsheet showing how much could be earned if these savings were invested in a CD or other investment. We are talking enough money for JR Sheila to buy a new car. So where do you find coupons? Two great sources are your newspaper and online. I clip coupons out of the Belleville News Democrat. My favorite is coupon bar. com. Here you will find various sources for coupons, and you can download it to your tool bar, so the latest coupons are only a click away. The book free Money Free Stuff includes coupon clipping as one of its strategies for obtaining free and low cost items. It also has other good information for saving money. Coupons can also be found online and in newspapers for entertainment, dining out, merchandise specific catalogs and stores. You can use a coupon organizer if you want or just put them in your wallet like I do. We all eat out, buy groceries, buy clothing, go to movies and other entertainment, so why not do these things for less. Would you throw money out the window? That’s what you do every time you miss an opportunity to use coupons. You are offering to pay more money for something than what you have to pay if you use coupons. Let’s review the value of clipping coupons. Coupons can save you money that can help you pay bills, make a purchase, save for your college education, save for your children’s college education or start a retirement fund. There is no out of pocket expense in order to reap these benefits, just a very small portion of your time. Let’s look at the flip side of the coin. If you don’t clip coupons, you won’t have extra money to help with expenses and purchases. You may have to take out a loan for purchases and expenses and incur interest expense as well. If you were diligent in your quest to save, you could be $75,000 richer in ten years. When you buy a lottery ticket your odds are 1 in several million that you will win. With coupons there are no odds, just solid savings. Coupons are free money for the taking. Take the time to clip coupons out of the newspaper or get them online. It only takes a few minutes of your time and saves you money that you can use for whatever however you choose. Capital One asks What’s in your wallet. I can tell you what won’t be in your wallet, if you don’t take advantage of coupons, money.

Pulp Fiction Movie Quotes

Pulp Fiction Movie Quotes The story of Pulp Fiction centers around two hit men: Jules Winnfield, played by Samual L. Jackson, and Vincent Vega, played by John Travolta. The movie is both funny and cruel, but  what stands out about the most in Pulp Fiction is its power-packed dialogues. One reason its such a classic is because of its superb acting combined with brilliant dialogue delivery, and when you read Pulp Fiction movie quotes, you can almost hear the voices of the actors inside your head. So sit back and let these Pulp Fiction movie quotes strike a nostalgic chord in you. Jules Winnfield Oh, Im sorry! Did I break your concentration? The path of the righteous man is beset on all sides by the iniquities of the selfish and the tyranny of evil men. Blessed is he who, in the name of charity and good will, shepherds the weak through the valley of the darkness. For he is truly his brothers keeper and the finder of lost children. And I will strike down upon thee with great vengeance and furious anger those who attempt to poison and destroy my brothers. And you will know I am the Lord when I lay my vengeance upon you. If my answers frighten you, then you should cease asking scary questions. Whether or not what we experienced was an According to Hoyle miracle is irrelevant. What is relevant is that I felt the touch of God. God got involved. Hamburgers. The cornerstone of any nutritious breakfast. Hey, thats Kool and the Gang. Well, the way they make shows is, they make one show. That shows called a pilot. Then they show that show to the people who make shows, and on the strength of that one show they decide if theyre going to make more shows. Some pilots get picked and become television programs. Some dont, become nothing. She starred in one of the ones that became nothing. Vincent Vega It breaks down like this: Its legal to buy it, its legal to own it, and, if youre the proprietor of a hash bar, its legal to sell it. Its illegal to carry it, but that doesnt really matter cause- get a load of this- if you get stopped by the cops in Amsterdam, its illegal for them to search you. I mean, thats a right the cops in Amsterdam dont have. Why didnt you say something, Marvin? Slipped your mind? You forgot to mention someones in the bathroom with a goddamn handcannon? Its like a wax museum with a pulse. Play with matches, you get burned. I dont mean any disrespect; I just dont like people barking orders at me. Now, if youll excuse me, Im going to go home and have a heart attack. Well, you gotta have an opinion! I mean, do you think that God came down from heaven and stopped the...  [he accidentally shoots Marvin] Oh man, I just shot Marvin in the face.

Doing History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Doing History - Essay Example It has reached the 20th century only in one interpretation, which was available for those who were interested in the â€Å"Arrest Memorable du parlement de Tolose† of Jean de Coras, the French jurist who became the participant in the trial of  Martin Guerre. Only after four centuries, the story has received a new, almost opposite, light considering its features from another angle. So our goal is to explore the different versions of the story of Martin Guerre realizing their meaning for the history. To begin with, let’s see who are the authors of new research works about the mentioned French peasant, and what their main ideas can be useful for. The thing is that the work itself "The Return of Martin Guerre" of   Natalie Zemon Davis, the history professor, is followed by critical article "The Refashioning of Martin Guerre" of Robert Finlay, the historian, whose perspectives of the same story contradict each other in many points. It must be mentioned that Davis has her main interests in the socio-cultural history with the emphasis on the occasions which are ignorable by historians. Naturally the case of Martin Guerre is of a great importance for researcher’s further progress in clarifying of little studied historical themes. So with the help of all appropriate scientific approaches she conducts the study, treating all sorts of evidence, such as village archives in question, judicial records, letters, and after reevaluation all of them she concludes that the case o f  imposture of the French peasant, as it is enlightened in the materials of the trial by Coras, probably may have another interpretation, that is, Bertrande de Rols, Martin Guerre’s wife, is the accomplice of Arnaud de Tilh, the impostor. One of the main reasons for such a consideration for Davis is the law estimation of women’s intelligence in Europe of that period of time. Furthermore,

Parenting Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Parenting Today - Essay Example Cognitive-behavioral therapy can help children improve their behavioral problems associated with poverty. Family education and support can help parents of poor children get child development education and use it to improve psychological development of children. If I would have to design an intervention method, I would focus on meeting children’s mental and physical health needs because it would help them become healthy and productive citizens in future. Some key ingredients to effective co-parenting include cooperation with the other parent, being honest to the other parent, showing self accountability, allowing children to benefit from the other parent, and taking mutual decisions is favor of children (Carter, 2009). Family rituals and routines are important because they are related to the well-being of family cultures and make children keep the foundations of their family cultures intact. The family rituals that I remember from my childhood include celebration of birthdays, celebrations of achievements, and respect for elders and

The Film Schindlers List versus Novel Schindlers Ark Essay -- Holoca

Schindler's List The film Schindler’s List has a tendency to simplify and sentimentalize the character Oskar Schindler compared to the novel Schindler’s Ark in which the film is based on. The film Schindler’s List lacks depth and understanding of the character Oskar Schindler, and tends to over dramatize events within the film in which Oskar Schindler is responsible for. The novel Schindler’s Ark begins its in-depth documentary story with the earlier life of Oskar Schindler. The novel describes his family life in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and his rebellious teenage years in the newly created state of Czechoslovakia. The novel informs the reader of Oskar Schindler’s relationship with his father and how his father abandoned Oskar’s mother, in which Oskar never forgave his father for leaving his mother alone. This information of how Oskar Schindler became to be how he is, is all significantly missed with Schindler’s List, Because it gives the viewer a whole outlook of Oskar Schindler and a better understanding of the ...

Richard Miller

Brittany Scott February 22, 2013 Prof. Brittany Scott February 22, 2013 Prof. â€Å"The Stereotypes of Freire, Miller, Rodriguez, and Bordo† Having to read four stories from four well educated authors can leave you puzzled, but it can also open your mind to other forms of learning. The stories â€Å"The ‘Banking’ Concept of Education by Paulo Freire, â€Å"The Dark Knight of the Soul† by Richard Miller, â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† by Richard Rodriguez, and â€Å"Beauty (Re)Discovers the Males Body† by Susan Bordo all take on different aspects of learning. But while analyzing my readings I noticed that each author made a stereotype for their view of learning.Paulo Freire’s, said to be one of the most influential radical educators of our world viewings of literature were based on students and teachers. Freire created a system for teachers and students to have an equal power, but while doing his research him began to compare student teacher learning relations. Freire stereotyped students as takers (depositories) and teacher’s givers (depositors), but he also made it known that at times a student can be the giver. By students getting their education from a higher power, Freire feels as if it is depriving students of their creativity.In a passage from Freire states â€Å"Oppression – overwhelming control – is necrophilic; it is nourished by love of death, not life. The banking concept of education, which serves the interest of oppression, is also necrophilic. Based on a mechanistic, static, naturalistic, spatialized, view of consciousness, it transforms students into receiving objects. It attempts to control thinking and action, leads women and men to adjust to the world, and inhibits their creative powers. † I believe that Freire use his concepts as examples. From the quote from the book, he made it known that we as students are oppressed by the higher authority, the teacher.Through h is explanations he made it known that we receive and the more that we just receive, we are only going to regurgitate. Which leave you to having no creativity. In Richard E. Miller†s â€Å"The Dark Knight of the Soul† he compared literature to massacres. In Millers first story He used the events that happened at Columbine High School. Stating that the two young fellas Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold were all these things such as middle class, follower and leader, smart kid and a loser, and the even had alcohol fueled dreams but yet Miller felt as if more education and religion would have kept the two in line.The young ma Harris was said to have applied to numerous of colleges but was rejected and he was also rejected from the Marine Corps from having some drug in his system, all of this being weeks before the big massacre. They were bright students and brilliant when it came to computers and math but only one of them had something going for themself and that was Klebold. K lebold was well known in school, had a date for prom and even visited a college wee we was going to be attending in the upcoming semester, but soon both boys worlds would meet and collide.Miller basically said that if we read, write, and talk more that we are less likely to commit to deviance acts of violence. Richard Rodriguez used himself as a personal image but used his family as reflective image for the upcoming success he was striving for in â€Å"The Achievement of Desire. † Although Rodriguez is Latino and his family is considered to be middle class, as he got older and his knowledge began to expand he began to look down on of those little or less knowledge of what he knew.He was very distant from his family because of the love he ad from his books and the little interaction he would give them because he felt different; he felt like he could/should be better than them. As he got older his family laughed at him and called him names because he somewhat considered himself better than them. As he got older he began to critique himself for the distance, looking down on his family, and wanting to be so much of a scholar that he finally realized he was basically by himself.Being in a school in another country, watching others and how they socialize made realize that he was by himself and that instead of investing so much time into books, trying to be like that teacher he should have invested his time into a family ad even having friends. In Susan Bordo’s â€Å"Beauty (Re) discovers the Male Body† she takes the pressure off of us woman and finally puts it on the man by comparing the judgment of the males’ picture and the females’ picture.Bordo took the fire off of us females and finally put it of the male by comparing the likelihood of a female dressed a certain way in a photo on a billboard or in a magazine somewhere to a male dressed with more or less clothing. I can recall Bordo saying â€Å"Woman may dread being surveyed harshly†¦ men are not supposed to enjoy being surveyed period. † She feels that men are getting more comfortable wearing little to no clothing, being looked at as meat, or maybe even a sex symbol. In a commercial advertisement that Bordo seen read â€Å"men act and woman appear. A man can sit around and do work but not pay attention to any attention that is coming his way while a woman will show off her legs and her cleavage just to get that attention she is looking for. As time changes men are becoming more self-conscious of their appearance and what others may think of them. They are more willing to pose naked and take on certain roles in movies that they would not have in once upon a time. Whether it is their size, their looks, their shape, or even their masculinity both mean and woman are creatures of appearances and actions.Each author has their own perception of imaging. Whether it is visual, hands on, or something that they actually may have been a part of. During their phases of teaching they all began to hypothesize or stereotype a human been in some shape or form of an object. They still stick to their idea and they go on to describe how and why they feel that we as people are what they are characterizing. Freire, Miller, Rodrigues, and Bordo were all well educated in their area of works. They also made it easy for me as a student to understand learning through their eyes.

The Golden Triangle

The Golden Triangle is an area covering 367,000 square miles in Southeast Asia where a significant portion of the world’s opium has been produced since the beginning of the twentieth century. This area is centered around the meeting point of the borders that separate Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand. The Golden Triangle’s mountainous terrain and distance from major urban centers make it an ideal location for illicit poppy cultivation and transnational opium smuggling.   Until the end of the 20th century, the Golden Triangle was the world’s largest producer of opium and heroin, with Myanmar being the single highest-producing country. Since 1991, the Golden Triangle’s opium production has been outpaced by the Golden Crescent, which refers to an area that traverses the mountainous regions of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran.   A Brief History of Opium in Southeast Asia Although opium poppies appear to be native to Southeast Asia, the practice of using opium recreationally was introduced to China and Southeast Asia by Dutch traders in the early 18th century. European traders also introduced the practice of smoking opium and tobacco using pipes.   Soon after the introduction of recreational opium consumption to Asia, Britain replaced the Netherlands as China’s primary European trade partner. According to historians, China became the primary target of British opium traders for financial reasons. In the 18th century, there was high demand in Britain for Chinese and other Asian goods, but there was little demand for British goods in China. This imbalance forced British merchants to pay for Chinese goods in hard currency rather than British goods. In order to make up for this loss of cash, British merchants introduced opium to China with the hope that high rates of opium addiction would generate large amounts of cash for them. In response to this strategy, Chinese rulers outlawed opium for non-medicinal use, and in 1799, Emperor Kia King banned opium and poppy cultivation completely. Nonetheless, British smugglers continued to bring opium into China and the surrounding areas. Following the British victories against China in the Opium Wars in 1842 and 1860, China was forced to legalize opium. This foothold allowed British traders to expand the opium trade to Lower Burma when British forces began to arrive there in 1852. In 1878, after knowledge of the negative effects of opium consumption had thoroughly circulated throughout the British Empire, British Parliament passed the Opium Act, prohibiting all British subjects, including those in Lower Burma, from consuming or producing opium. Nonetheless, illegal opium trade and consumption continued to take place. The Birth of the Golden Triangle In 1886, the British Empire expanded to include Upper Burma, where the modern Kachin and Shan states of Myanmar are located. Nestled in rugged highlands, the populations that inhabited Upper Burma lived relatively beyond the control of British authorities. Despite British efforts to retain a monopoly on the opium trade and regulate its consumption, opium production and smuggling took root in these rugged highlands and fueled much of the region’s economic activity.   In Lower Burma, on the other hand, British efforts to secure a monopoly on opium production succeeded by the 1940s. Similarly, France retained similar control over opium production in the lowland regions of its colonies in Laos and Vietnam. Nonetheless, the mountainous regions surrounding the convergence point of the Burma, Thailand, and Laos borders continued to play a major role in the global opium economy. The Role of the United States Following Burma’s independence in 1948, several ethnic separatist and political militia groups emerged and became embroiled in conflict with the newly formed central government. At the same time, the United States actively sought to forge local alliances in Asia in its effort to contain the spread of communism. In exchange for access and protection during anti-communist operations along China’s southern border, the United States supplied arms, ammunition and air transport for the sale and production of opium to insurgent groups in Burma and ethnic minority groups in Thailand and Laos. This led to a surge in the availability of heroin from the Golden Triangle in the United States and established opium as a major source of funding for separatist groups in the region. During the American war in Vietnam, the CIA trained and armed a militia of ethnic Hmong people in northern Laos to wage an unofficial war against northern Vietnamese and Lao communists. Initially, this war disrupted the economy of the Hmong community, which was dominated by opium cash-cropping. However, this economy was soon stabilized by the CIA-backed militia under Hmong general Vang Pao, who was given access to his own aircraft and permission to continue opium smuggling by his American case handlers, preserving the Hmongs’ access to heroin markets in southern Vietnam and elsewhere. Opium trade continues to be a major feature of Hmong communities in the Golden Triangle as well as in the United States. Khun Sa: King of the Golden Triangle By the 1960s, several rebel groups based in northern Burma, Thailand, and Laos supported their operations through the illegal opium trade, including a faction of the Kuomintang (KMT), which had been expelled from China by the Communist Party. The KMT funded its operations by expanding the opium trade in the region.   Khun Sa, born in Chan Chi-fu in 1934 to a Chinese father and Shan mother, was an uneducated  youth in the Burmese countryside who formed his own gang in the Shan State and sought to break into the opium business. He partnered with the Burmese government, which armed Chan and his gang, essentially outsourcing them to fight the KMT and Shan nationalist militias in the region. In exchange for fighting as the Burmese government’s proxy in the Golden Triangle, Chan was permitted to continue trading opium. However, over time, Chan grew friendlier with Shan separatists, which aggravated the Burmese government, and in 1969, he was imprisoned. Upon his release five years later, he adopted the Shan name Khun Sa and devoted himself, at least nominally, to the cause of Shan separatism. His Shan nationalism and success in drug production garnered the support of many Shan, and by the 1980s, Khun Sa had amassed an army of over 20,000 soldiers, which he dubbed the Mok Tai Army, and established a semi-autonomous fiefdom in the hills of the Golden Triangle near the town of Baan Hin Taek. It is estimated that at this point, Khun Sa controlled over half of the opium in the Golden Triangle, which in turn constituted half of the world’s opium and 45% of the opium that came to the United States. Khun Sa was described by historian Alfred McCoy as â€Å"the only Shan warlord who ran a truly professional smuggling organization capable of transporting large quantities of opium.† Khun Sa was also notorious for his affinity for media attention, and he frequently played host to foreign journalists in his semi-autonomous narco-state. In a 1977 interview 1977 with the now-defunct Bangkok World, he called himself the â€Å"King of the Golden Triangle.† Until the 1990s, Khun Sa and his army ran an international opium operation with impunity. However, in 1994, his empire collapsed due to attacks from the rival United Wa State Army and from the Myanmar Armed Forces. Furthermore, a faction of the Mok Tai Army abandoned Khun Sa and formed the Shan State National Army, declaring that Khun Sa’s Shan nationalism was merely a front for his opium business. To avoid punishment by the government upon his impending capture, Khun Sa surrendered on the condition that he be protected from extradition to the US, which had a $2 million bounty on his head. It is reported that Khun Sa also received a concession from the Burmese government to operate a ruby mine and a transport company, which allowed him to live out the rest of his life in luxury in Burmas main city, Yangon. He died in 2007 at the age of 74. Khun Sa’s Legacy: Narco-development Myanmar expert Bertil Lintner claims that Khun Sa was, in reality, an illiterate frontman for an organization dominated by ethnic Chinese from Yunnan Province and that this organization still operates in the Golden Triangle today. Opium production in the Golden Triangle continues to fund the military operations of several other separatist groups. The largest of these groups is the United Wa State Army (UWSA), a force of over 20,000 troops nestled in the semi-autonomous Wa Special Region. The UWSA is reported to be the largest drug-producing organization in Southeast Asia. The UWSA, along with the  Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) in neighboring Kokang Special Region, have also expanded their drug enterprises to the production of methamphetamine known in the region as yaa baa, which is easier and cheaper to manufacture than heroin.   Like Khun Sa, the leaders of these narco-militias can be seen as both business entrepreneurs, community developers, as well as agents of the Myanmar government. Nearly everyone in the Wa and Kokang regions is involved in the drug trade in some capacity, which supports the argument that drugs are an essential component of the development of these regions, offering an alternative to poverty.   Criminologist Ko-Lin Chin writes that the reason why a political solution to drug production in the Golden Triangle has been so elusive is because â€Å"the difference between a state-builder and drug kingpin, between benevolence and greed, and between public funds and personal wealth† have become difficult to delineate. In a context in which conventional agriculture and local business is stunted by conflict and in which competition between the United States and China deter long-term successful development interventions, drug production and smuggling have become these communities’ path toward development. Throughout the Wa and Kokang special regions, drug profits have been funneled into road construction, hotels, and casino towns, giving rise to what Bertil Lintner calls â€Å"narco-development.† Towns such as Mong La attract over 500,000 Chinese vice tourists every year, who come to this mountainous region of the Shan State to gamble, eat endangered animal speci es and partake in the seedy nightlife.   Statelessness in the Golden Triangle Since 1984, conflict in Myanmar’s ethnic minority states has driven approximately 150,000 Burmese refugees across the border into Thailand, where they have been living in nine UN-recognized refugee camps along the Thai-Myanmar border. These refugees have no legal right to employment in Thailand, and according to Thai law, undocumented Burmese found outside of the camps are subject to arrest and deportation. The provision of temporary shelter in the camps by the Thai Government has remained unchanged over the years, and limited access to higher education, livelihoods and other opportunities for refugees has raised alarm within the UN High Commission for Refugees that many refugees will resort to negative coping mechanisms for survival. Hundreds of thousands of members of Thailand’s indigenous â€Å"hill tribes† constitute another major stateless population in the Golden Triangle. Their statelessness renders them ineligible for state services, including formal education and the right to work legally, leading to a situation in which the average hill tribe member makes less than $1 per day. This poverty leaves hill tribe people vulnerable to exploitation by human traffickers, who recruit poor women and children by promising them jobs in northern Thai cities such as Chiang Mai. Today, one in three sex workers in Chiang Mai comes from a hill tribe family. Girls as young as eight years old are confined to brothels where they may be forced to service up to 20 men per day, putting them at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and other diseases. Older girls are often sold overseas, where they are stripped of their documentation and left powerless to escape. Although the government of Thailand has enacted progressive laws to combat human trafficking, the lack of citizenship of these hill tribes leaves this population at disproportionately elevated risk of exploitation. Human rights groups such as The Thailand Project assert that education for the hill tribes is the key to solving the human trafficking issue in the Golden Triangle.